The Developing Heart: A `History' of Pediatric Cardiology

Edited by: Catherine A. Neill; Edited by: E.P. Clark

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Product Information:
ISBN-13: 9780792333753
ISBN-10: 0792333756
Publisher: Springer
Format: Hardback, 176 pages
Pub Date: 02/1995
Edition Number: 1

Synopsis

Pediatric cardiology is celebrating in the 1990s the 50th anniversary of the beginnings of the age of therapy.
This informal `history' describes how the discipline grew from the era of pathologic anatomy to the dawn of therapy, the beginnings of closed heart surgery between 1939 and 1945. That dawn ushered in a remarkable half century of change and growth, leading from clinicophysiologic correlations through the start of open heart surgery in the 1950s. The text celebrates some of the achievements of this vivid and heroic age, and describes how, in the mid 1970s, new surgical and medical approaches, including prostaglandins and Doppler echocardiography, led to successful cardiac treatment in infancy, the `infant era'. Interventional cardiology and the study of childhood arrhythmias began. Now, in the 1990s, a new era emphasising molecular biology and cardiac development is growing from the tools and concepts of the past.
The four eras have focused on pathologic anatomy, clinicophysiologic correlations and surgery, heart problems in infancy, and now the developing heart. In each era there have been advances in the four domains of pediatric cardiology, the heart before birth, the normal heart, heart disease and defects, and preventive cardiology. Growth in knowledge has been both episodic and dramatic, yet not a picture of unalloyed achievement. The later chapters discuss some of the problems beginning to be recognised in the new and current `developmental era'.
The pioneers of pediatric cardiology, both men and women, are more than eponyms, for each used in new and original ways the tools and concepts available in their era. The interaction of tools and concepts is a theme in this book. Just as the tool of the stethoscope was vital in delineating the clinical profile of ventricular septal defect and patent ductus, the fluoroscope played a role in developing the concept of the Blalock Taussig shunt. Pioneers also include patients and their families, and the book includes some discussion of what little is known of childhood and of the child with heart disease in the four different eras.
This is a brief overview of the growth of knowledge of children's hearts from before William Harvey until our own time, and includes references to histories of cardiac surgery and to collections of classic cardiac papers. By its emphasis on the child as the central historic figure, and on the interaction of tools and concepts in the growth of knowledge, the text provides a celebratory approach to the 50th anniversary of modern pediatric cardiology.

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Additional Description

TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD 1
INTRODUCTION 3
The 4 domains and 4 eras of pediatric cardiology
Pioneers
Interaction of tools and concepts
The child with heart disease
A: PATHOLOGIC ANATOMY, THE PRE-THERAPEUTIC ERA
1 PRIOR TO WILLIAM HARVEY 13
Growth of knowledge of the two circulations
Aristotle and the embryonic heart
Preventive cardiology?
The child with heart disease
2 FROM HARVEY TO THE MID 19th CENTURY 23
The two centuries from Harvey to Peacock
Pathologic anatomy of specific defects
New tools, the microscope, sphygmomanometer,
stethoscope
Concepts of blood pressure, cyanosis, murmurs
Early descriptions of how heart problems affect
the child
3 LATE 19th EARLY 20th CENTURY 33
The 80 years from Peacock to Abbott
New tools, Xray, EKG, fluoroscope
Clinical profile of specific defects
(Roget, Fallot, Abbott)
Embryologic advances
The child with heart disease
B: THERAPEUTIC ERA CLINICOPHYSIOLOGIC CORRELATIONS, SURGERY
4 THE DAWN OF THERAPY, 1930s-1955 47
Closed heart surgery (PDA/Blalock Taussig
shunt/coarctation) Role of fluoroscopy
Tools of cardiac catheterization, angiocardiography
Interaction of clinicophysiologic concepts and surgery
5 OPEN HEART SURGERY 1955-MID 1970s 65
Cardiopulmonary bypass: concepts and tools
Surgical advances, new pathologic insights
Rashkind atrial septostomy
Rheumatic heart disease
Mitral valve prolapse
The pioneer patient
C: INFANT CARDIOLOGY ERA
6 INFANT ERA 1970s TO 1990 87
Modern times: concepts of neonatal cardiology
Tools: pharmacologic manipulation of ductus
Doppler echocardiography
Infant heart surgery
Pulmonary valvuloplasty; invasive cardiology
Kawasaki disease: cardiomyopathy: arrhythmia
Two young women with palpitations
7 DEVELOPMENT OF PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY 115
History of 3 specific defects: tetralogy; VSD, double
inlet ventricle
Growth of the discipline of pediatric cardiology
Geographic history
D: DEVELOPMENTAL ERA: PERSPECTIVES
8 DEVELOPMENTAL ERA THE 1990s AND BEYOND 141
Studies in cardiac development
Preventive approaches: closing the circle
9 ETHICS AND PUBLIC POLICY 153
The frontiers of cardiovascular treatment and prevention
Therapy: changing ethical issues
Molecular biology, screening, the fetal heart
INDEX 161